Confectionery-coating machine



1. MASSARELLA. coNEEcloNznY comme MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED IAN. lf3-1| 1920.4

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- 2 SHEETS-SHEET -l.

y ,1. MASSARELLA. CONFECTIONERY COATING MACHINE.

1941730860 I APPLICATION `FILED )ANI 3l. |920. Pwbentd MalyvZ-L 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

i ,allineata Spccincaticn of Letters Patent.

Patterned lttay 23, M9232?.

Application"`a1`eu January 31, 1920. serial no. 355,531.

T0 @ZZ @07mm t may conce/rn.:

Beit known that L'Jorrn lvlixssanniin, citizen of the United States, 'residing` at Cincinnati, in the county of llamilton and Eltate of Ohio, have invented certain new and 'useful lmprovements in Confectionery-Coat ing1 Machines, of whiclrthe following` is a specification. p

My invention relates to confectionery 1nachincry; and theobjects of my improvement are to increase the durability and reliability ol? machines oi this kind, to malte them more uniform and etllective in their operation, es- ],ieciallyin coating,` the under sides of the pieces ot confectionery, to permit ot accu` rate regulation ot the coating operation, and to insure a `cleaner and neater product.`

Other objects will appear in the course et the i ensuing` description. i y

lt attain these objects by the `mechanism illustrated, i'or example, in the accompanyinn drawings, in which-fv Figure l is aplan view ot parts ot a confectioneryecoating machine ,embodying my invention; l p

Fig. 2 is a verticallongitudinal section oi the same, on a plane corresponding to the line 2 2 oi l;

Fig. 3 is partial section corresponding to Fig. 2, illustrating a modilication oit the distributing; meansg .lgt` lis a vertical. cross-section ot the ma-V chine of Figs. l and 2, on a plane correspending; to the line a-l of Fig'. l; p

Fig. 5 is a side elevation ot the saine, the

near side ot the machine trame being; omitted to revealtlle interior construction;

litigi'. `6 im an enlarged section (.xn'respondingi to that of` llig. 2, with intermediate `parts oniitted tor lack oif' space; l

Fie'. 7 is a partial plan view Correspending;` to hier il, enlarged to the lscaleo'li Fig. G; and t l l Fig'. 8 is a vertical longitudinal section on a plane corresponding` to the line S--S of As is common in machines oit this character, there is avlower reservoir'or tank l between the two trame sides@ which holds a supply oit coating` material, chocolate .tor instance, in suitable liquid or viscous consistenc'y, which is elevated constantly by the elevator orcarrier 3 into a suitable trough 4t having` an outlet from which the coating material falls onto the candy or other confl'ection passed thereunder. As shown in Fig. 2,

Athese pass thcreunderirom left to right, and some d1stance to the righto'f the coating'- material outlet is the nozzle 5 through which air is forced against the confection, blowingl oil' excess coating, as is well known in the art. There are also the well known conveyor belts 6 and at the lett andright to deliver the confections to and from 'the machine, respectively.

It will be understood that the elevator 3, the air forcing means for thenozzle 5, and theldelivcry belts G and 7 are all driven by suitable mechanisms, which may be any ot' the variouskinds which the prior art ailii'ords, and which, therefore, need not be more ijlaliticularly disclosed herein. Likewise with the ma in driving; shaft 8, jionrnaled :in bearinfl's 9 `on the underside oli the outer end part o 'l the trough-bracket lOat theleit end ot the niachine; it lacing4 `understood that this and the other mechanisms are driven simultaneously and at properly regulated speeds, eithervunitorm relatively to each other, or with means for varying,- some or all of the speeds of the respectivemechanisms, as may be required under the varying conditions 'tamiliar to those skilled in confectioin-iry-coating. Also, where chocolate and sonic other coating` materials are used, means is providedtor keeping the coating material at the right temperature to` maintain its proper consistency, Aas for instance the water-bath tank ll., part of whichis shown, below the coating-material tank l in FigfZgl These parts of the machine are disclosed merely to `elucidate the following descriptionot my iminjoveinents as combined therewith.

cchip'portcd upon the bracket l() at the lett end, and upon traine extensions l2 at the rinht'end Aoi" the machine, Vare the parallel conveyorliframe baisllysl'ihced in some distance lrom the trame sides 2; the elevator orcarrier Stor the coating` material passing up through thespace thus lett at the leithand` side (Fighe). Each bar preierablyis oli crossssection comprising an upright niember `'inland a narrower outwardly extending; member or flange lpat the bottom of the member 14:. Cross-bars 16, l? and 18 have their end parts iixed to thebot'tcms ot these Hannes' l5 and extend across `from one bar 13 to the other at about the `middle and short distances: in trom the ends oft the coating;- material tank l, respectively. These bind the bars 13 together and stiifen the conveyortrame; and in` addition, the end bars Il? and 18 have adjusting screws 19 up through them, with the screw ends entering sockets in the runder side of the fiat distributingplate 20, which is thus supported for up-and down adjustment and extends uninterruptedly across the major part of the top of the tank 1, but has its ends and sides spaced material distances in from the tank ends (Fig. 2) and from the frame bars 13 d) At the left end, supported by the bracket 10, is the dust-pan 21, extending from one frame-bar 13 to the other and from the outer end of the bracket 10 to withinva short distance of the end of the distributing plate 20. At the right end, supported on the frame extensions 12, is the drip-trough 22, eX* tending from one bar 13 to the other and from the right ends of these bars to the adjacent end of the coatingmaterial tank 1, toward which it Ais materially downwardly inclined. This inner end of this drip-trough is open, allowing d rippings to pass into the tank 1; but the inner end of the dustpan, at the other end of the machine, is closed, excluding the dust from the tank 1. Under the drip-trough 22, near its inner end, the heater 23 extends across, preferably with a thicker part intervening, to tempel' the effect; it being the purpose of this heater 23 to keep the drip-trough only moderately warm. As shown, this heater is a tubular gas-burner, supplied through a pipe 24, controlled by a valve 25 at one side (Figs. 1 and 2.)

The conveyer propelling` means is in three sections, 26, 27 and 28, preferably of a series of parallel sprocket chains of stud-and-link construction like those used for bicycles, although they need not be quite so heavy nor of such expensive material as such chains usually are.

The three sections just mentioned correspond, respectively, to the dust-pan 21, the distributing plate 20, and the drip-trough 22; the first section 2G running close to the feed belt 6 and to the adjacent end of the second section 27, receiving confections from the former and delivering them to the latter; and the second section 27 carrying the confections under the coating-material trough or fountain 4 and under the air-nozzle 5, and running close to the adjacent end of the third section 28, which receives the confections from the second section and carries them over the drip-trough 22 to the delivery belt 7 by running close to the adjacent end of this belt.

The second section 27 and the third section 28 ofthe conveyor pass close to the upper surface of the distributing plate 20; the third section meeting the main section 27 a material distance inward or to the left from the yadjacent end of the distributing plate 20, for this purpose. c

A gate or gauge 29 extends across just to the left of the left end of the distributing plate 20, with its upper edge close to the conveyor section 27 where it passes up. 'llo vary the distance ot this edge of the gate 2f) from the conveyor section 27, this gate is supported on a pivot element 29 that is ournaled in the conveyor trame and has outside thereof an arm 29 (Fig. 5) connected to a fixed lug 3() by a tension spring 31 that keeps the gate pulled toward the conveyor section 27, while an adjusting screw 31', passed through the lug 3() against the arm 29, forces the gate away from the conveyor section 27. The adjacent end of the dustpan 21 is set back to admit this `gate, but the upper edge of this end extends as close up as may be, between the adjacent ends of the conveyor sections 2G and 27.

rlhis gate or gauge 29 and the adjustment of the plate 2O regulate the thickness of coating on 'the chains, as the adjusting screw keeps the gate the required distance away :from the conveyor elen'ient. The initial udheren/ce of the coating to the conveyor element is controlled by raising and lowering the distributing plate 20 by means olI the adjusting screws 19.

ln addition to this novel relation oi the conveying element to the other parts, as just described, l provide for more iirmncss and accuracT of support of the con icctions and for greater durability of the moving parts of the conveyor by making them up ol' a series of parallel sprocket chains running` around respective ones of gangs of s|nrocl`ot wheels on a driving sha ft, and around a suitable rotary means at the other end of the conveyor section; these chains being` kept tight. preferably by providing for increasing the distance between the sprmflnt-wlreci shaft and the rotary means. This is the imprmf'ement in conveyor structure before alluded to. Each one of the conveyor sc tions referred to herein is preferably mudo up in this manner.

rllhus` the first or dusting section 'is unido up of the chains 32 around sprocket wheels 3:5 on the shaft lift journaled in bushings ."5 n'iounted in short longitudinal slots 3G in the end parts of the bars 13 and held in adjusted position by set screws 37. At the other end of the section, these chains pass around a roller shaft 88 journaled in a Waring-block 39 on the outer flange of each bar 13, passing through slots 10 in the bars to enter these bearing-blocks; while these boering-blochs are longitiulinally adjustable on these flanges bv having clamping screws 4,1 passing up through longitudinal slots 12 in the ihunfes, into the bottoms of the blocks. Adjusting screws 4:1 force the blocks to the left.

rlhe middle or main section is siniilarlv made up of the chains 4:9 passing around sprocket wheels 44 on the shui., j ournalcd also in thebearingblocks 29 into which blocks titl iti() ith) llt

narcose the shaft extends through the slots L10 (Fig. 8) so that this end of the section may be adjusted to left or right along the conveyor' :ti-aine. At the other end of the section, these chains pass around the roller shaft 1- 6, jonrnaled in another pair of blocks 31) like the blocks 39, into which blocks the shaft 4to extends through other slots 10Q like the slots di), with clamping` screnf's l-t and ad justin@` screws Lil.

The third or cooling or hardening section of the conveyor comprises the chains a7 passing around sprocket Wheels 18 on the shaft 49 j ournaled also in the blocks 39', into which blocks the shaft L19 passes through the slots a0. Thus this end of the third section may be adjusted `along, the conveyor frame. At the other endof this section, these chains 47 pass around the roller shaft 50, which is simply journaled in stationary bushings 51 fixed in the end parts of the conveyor frame bars 13.

. `Wiith the bearing blocks 39 and 39 and the bushings 35 of the dusting section adj ustable as just described, it is thus possible to stretch the chains tightly, so that the upper stretches are practically straight, although the driving` tension comes on the lower stretches as a result of driving` the chains by rotating the sprocket Wheels, the roller shafts merely acting as guides and, if driven at all, being,` so driven merely to avoid undue friction of the chains passing therearound. The reason for arranging thedriving,` sprocket Wheels at the left ends of the sections, when the upper stretches must travel to the right, is that the relatively large sprocket vvheels may be employed adjacent to the feed belt 6 at the left end of `the machine, Where abrasion of the confecniittino' better adhereiice ol the` coating.

` ilhis also occurs at the passage from the dusting sectioli to the main section, (l, lling. (l)` by the rubbing` of the links of the chains 32 on the confection bottom. l/Vhere the coated confection passes from the final coolinp; or hardening section onto the delivery belt 7 or theplaqne thereon, it is desirable that its bottom, now coated, should be subjected to practically no abrasion, and there- :tore the relatively narrow roller shaft is used at this end, so thatit can carry the chains very close to the delivery belt 7 and avoid the gap that" existsv between the sprocket Wheels and the feed belt 6 and between the sections 26 and 27.

All. of the wheels, of course, are made as small as they may be and yet exert su'lticient driving); power on the chains.

By koepp in?,i the chains stretched tight it is practical to have these driving sprocket Wheels at the left of the respective sections while dri vingI to the right. This arrangement also brings the lowest travel of the main-section chains close to the lett end of the plate 20, lwhere they contact with the coating,` material to the best advantage, since all oit the material that escapes from the plate 2() over into the tank ,l in that direction must pass this place; and also, the chains have the mini-- mum distance totravel from here up tothe top, into contact with the confectie-ns, and therefore the less chance to drop the material picked up.` lllhis is also true of the cooling or hardening' section at the right end of the piate 20; which, in addition, could not cooperate with the plate 20 as simply if it had its sprocket Wheels at its right-hand end, at which. and for the nia'j or part of its length it .is over the dripti'ouggh bottom which has no supply of coatinp,` to deliver to the chains, but n'ierely the drippage from the coated confections travelinp,` thereover on the top stretch of the conveyor section. The heater 23 keeps this drippagre `warm and fluid enough to flow back into the tank 1 as before described.

The conveyor driving shaft 52 is joui naledin bearings 52 in the conveyor frame bars 13 and has fixed on it a conveyor-driv- ,ing sprocket Wheel 53 with the main drivingsprocket chain 54. passim?,1 around it and around the main driving sprocket Wheel fixed on the main drivin shaft 8, before inea tioned. The shaft 52 also has fixed on it the two sprocket Wheels 5G and 57 with chains 5d and 59, respectively, passing around them and around `sprocket Wheels 6() and G1 on the main-section sprocket shaft L.l5 `and on the main-section roller shaft 4to, respectively. 'lfhus the main conveyor section is driven. rlhe main-section sprocket shaft lo vhas a second sprocket wheel G2 fixed on it with a cha-iin (53 passino; arouinl it and around a sprocket wheel (lll tired on the dusting-seo tion sprocket or driviiug shaft 2li, whiz-li, at the opposite side of the con veiunf has liked on it another sprocket wheel (55 with a chain (3G passing.;` around it and around a sprocket wheel ci' `fixed on the\dustiinr-sertion roller shaft 38. These drive the dusting; section of the conveyor.` The main section drivingshaft 15 haa at this other side of the conveyor, a third sprocket wheel Gf?) `with a chain 69 passing` around it and around a sprocket Wheel. T0 fixed on the cooling; or hardening` section.driving shaft '419, `which has, at the near-side of the conveyor, a second sprocket Wheel 71 lined on itw ith a chain i2 passino; around it and around a sprocket 'Wheel 7S .fixed on the roller shaft 50 of this section. In this Way the cooling` or hardening section of the conveyor is driven.

As before stated, the roller shafts 38, i-6

Lampes and 50 are preferably driven positively, as by the chains 59, 66 and 7:2, so as to avoid friction between the conveying chains 32, f3 and 47 and these roller shafts, respectively. But these chains will to some extent rotate these roller shafts without positive driving thereof, so that the chains 59, (5G and 72 may in some cases be dispensed with. The dusting operation is also of minor importance, compared with the main coating, bottoming and hardening operations of the main and third sections, and the machine may therefore have the first or dusting section eliminated, with the feed belt 6 passing the confection centers directly onto t-he main or middle section. lVhen present however, the first section intervenes between the main section and the feed belt 6 with the result that the coating being brought up from the distributing plate 2O is kept off the feed belt 6; and therefore this first section has that function aside from its preliminary dusting function. Where this element is not present as a chain conveyor, but merely as an intervening element of some kind, this fending function will still be performed.

All of the chains 32, 43 and 4:7 are supported at intervals by small supporting roller shafts 74, 75 and 76 respectively, journaled in the conveyor frame bars 13 and extending across the frame. Also, these chains are kept in slightly spaced relation at their roller shafts 38, 4G and 50, respectively, by small collars 77, 7 8 and 79; and the driving sprocket wheels 33, la and a8 have collars 30, 8l and 82 between them, on

their shafts 34, 45 and 49, respectively.

Minor details such as these are preferable in the present example, but variations from these may occur under different conditions.

In the modication shown in Fig. 3, instead of the plate 2O the distributing means is an endless Web 20, which will be understood to be as wide as the conveyor, which runs around a driving roller 83 lined on a shaft Set journaled in a bracket 17. 'the shaft SLL has, outside this bracket 17, a sprocket wheel 85 with a sprocket chain Se passing around it and around a sprocket wheel 87 fixed on the main shaft 52 of the conveyor. rlhe Web 20 hangs down from its driving device thus constituted, and dips into the main supply of coating material in the tank l', and, as the device is driven simultaneously with the conveyor the web 20 brings up some of this material and applies it to the under side of the conveyor, that is, to the lower stretch of the mainsection just before it passes up to its upper stretch. The bracket 17 is held on the side of the tank l by clamp screws 19 passing through slots 88 in the tank side, so that this entire distributing or applying means is adjustable toward or from the conveyor to vary the amount of material applied thereto. This example dill'ers also in having the dusting section 2G and the main section 2i" with their chains 39 and l-l nude:` tension in their upper stretches, by havingl the driving sprockets, as the [listing-section sproelvet, 33', at the delivery ends and the roller shafts, as the main section roller shaft lo, at the receiving ends of the respective .see-- tions. rEhe gate 29 is applied as in the other example, as are also the other parts of the machine, not shown in Fig.

The coating material carried up by `the chains f3 or i-3 from the plate 2l) or web 20, as the case may be, meets the oir-coming confection, which is deposited thereon, avoiding reliance merely on a running under of some of the material. dropped on the chains, and producing a more adequate coul,- ing of the confection bottom. 'lhe center B, thus coming onto the material (ifi ,e1 (i) tilts slightly as shown, in the gap between the conveyor sections. This gan if; due to the necessary convexity of the rotary means around which the llexible conveyor elements pass, and the necessity o l' having the driving rotary means of proper driving diameter. Such tilting at this piace, hon'- ever, is beneficial, because during the nio4 mentary stoppage of the center, by tilting down against the upcoming coating, the first or dusting conveyor section has a slight rubbing or abrading action on the bottoni of the confection center, which roughens it, as indicated, and facilitates the clinging of the coating material thereto as soon as the center is lifted up and carried on by the rising and advancing coating material on the main section. During its occupancy ol the main conveyor section, in its travel under the flood of coating material from the fountain or coating trough 4;, by which its top and sides are coated as usual, this eonfection is practically supported on the enaling material that came up from the plaie lo, and not directly by the conveyor element. Therefore, when it is .ready to leave thisl main section, to go onto the cooling sei-lion, it carries with it, as its bottom coating. the, portion of coating material upon which il', was deposited as it came onto the middle section, and on which it has rested and `with which it has had time to form intimate junction during its travel with the niain section.

Then, in the passage from the main to the cooling section, as the confection C lis in lllig. (i, the confection. now coated onv top` sides and bottom, does not tilt down and become momentarily stoiliped or retardml as at first, because here the middle or main conveyor section, travelling down `with its not totally depleted coating layer, opposes this layer to that being brought up by the third or cooling section from the plate Qi). The result a tide of the coating material in the gap between the main and the ool- .ill

Vl ll L) l l (l lill) Gil ini'neee ing section, as at D in Fig. 6, on Which the coated confection practically Heats acrossthe gap from one section to the other.

This third or cooling section of the conveyor,`being outside the machine frame, less subject to the heat of the main supply of coating material, permits the coated confection to cool; and at the same time, With its coating carried up from the plate 20, it further conserves or adds to the bottom coating ofthe confection. 'Owing to the coolness, this coating` further applied to the bottom of the confection will be especially firmly and fully attached to the confection; so that when the confection linally passes from this section onto the delivery belt 7, the bottoni coating is heavy and .firm `enough not to be squeezed out from under the confection by the Weight of the confection itself, and` not to unduly adhere to the belt or to the plaque or other means provided there for receiving the completed confection, and upon which, as is usual, the confection is carried for some distance exposed to the air, so` that the coating receives its final hardening permitting the confection to be handled freely.

rl`hese lfunctions are present with a coating that is softened by heating, as j ust described, but they are also practically realized with any other coating, asifor instance a solution or paste that hardens merely by exposure to the air, since the third section more fully exposes the confection to this hardening inlluence, whether it be cooling, drying or chemical action, than does the main section. inside the machine. lt will be understood that machii'ies of this character have some kin d of means, like a cabinet, of which the frame forms a part, by which the inside of the machine may be practically closed olf from the outer atmosphere, so that the cool ing, drying or other hardening operation on the coating or upon the confection itself, is infznftically confined to the exterior of the machine. lt is i u a situation of thiskind that the function of the third or cooling or hardening section Q8 `of the conveyor has its best efiempliiication.

lily the hereindescribed combination, the ciniliections are freed from dust, such as 'line sugar or starch pa ticles or other loose substancespwhile carried by the lirst section 26, due to the vibration incident to its travel, then on the second or main section 27 they receive their coating, not only on" top and sides, but on the bottom; and on the third or hariflening section 27, the hardening is ilfacilitated "because this section is distinct from and free from 'the influences that all'eet the main sectionEZT. rl'.`he projection of the inner end of the dustpan up between the adjacent ends of the sections 26 and 27" prevents appreciable escape of the dust and the like onto the main section 27 5 and the open inner end of the drip-trough 22 allows the drippings from the coated confections to pass hack into the tank l.

By having the respective conveyor sections made up of a plurality of parallel endless chains, it is feasible to have these chains oit relatively heavy material, and therefore strong and durable and presenting a practically level conveying surface; `Whereas a Web continuous from side to side as Well as length ivise must be of comparatively light material, such as ivire, Which is found in practice to Warp and twist so that the con veyor is not level. or uniform, and is so Weak that it soon Wears out and breaks frequently, necessitating stoppage of the entire coating system until it can ibe repaired. To make such a continuous web of such relatively heavy material as these chains are made of is `to impose unequal strains in different parts, due to the unavoidable slight inaccuracy of the various parts of such a continuous structure, which would result in a conveyor that would be Warped and twisted in the making, and which would pass very stifliy around the supporting rotary elements. By having the chains separate, as in my present invention, each chain can adjust itself to its oivn supporting means, independently of the others, and these discrepancies do not `become manifest.

Such a heavy conveying element as this chain is especially applicable to the combination in which it is most feasible to have the upper stretches of the chains pass fromv their driving sprockets to their idler rollers, because its great strength allovvs it to be stretched very tight without breakage,` so that the upper stretch is practically straight although .not the tension stretch. c@auch an arrangement, thus permitted, therefore lends the advantages set forth herein in the proper arrangement of the larger and smaller rotary supporting means of the chains relative to each other. But this chain may be used in various other relations, and other constructimis may be employed for the sectional conveyor, as has been alluded to herein. @their modiiications Will occur in practice.

lt will be understood, therefore, that l am not limited to the example herein specifically disclosed, but what l claim as new and `desire te secure by Letters Patent is:

l. ln a machine of the character described,

ing some of said material and reapplying the caught material directly to said side of said conveyor, whereby some of said reapplied material is applied to the bottoms of confections placed on said reapplied material and some of the dropping material is aplied to the upper parts oit said coniections.

2. ln a machine of the character described, an endless conveyor' havingv openings for passage of coating material downwardly therethrough, and having an upper conveying stretch and a single lower returning stretch, means for driving said conveyor, means for dropping coatingmaterial on said conveyor, and means lying close to the lower side of said lower stretch, for catchingl some ofsaid material and reapplying the caught material to said lower side ot said lower stretch, to be presented upward on said upper stretch as the conveyor travels, whereby some oit said reapplied material is applied to the bottoms of conliections placed on said upwardly presented reapplied material on said upper stretch and some of said dropping material is applied to the upper parts o't' said conitections.

3. In a machine cfr the character described, a conveyor, means for driving said conveyor, means for droppingl coating material on said conveyor, means for reapplying some of said material to said conveyor, whereby some of said reapplied material is applied to the bottoms of contections placed on said reapplied material and'some of the dropping; material is applied to the upper parts oli said confections, and means for subjecting said confections, with said material thereon, to intluences acting to harden said material and for applying an additional amount of said material to said bottoms under said hardening influences.

4. ln a machine ot the character described, a conveyor, means tor dropping` coating material on said conveyor, means for reapplying' some ol said material to said conveyor, said conveyor comprising traveling' means having' a structure loose enough to vibrate .incident to its travel, for carrying` conteetions while loose substance becomes removed therefrom due to vib 'ation of said traveling' means and for depositing; said confcctions on said reapplied material, whereby some of said reapplied material is applied to the bottoms of said confections and some ot the dropping; material is applied to the upper parts ol said contections, and means ior driving said conveyor, adapted to vibrate said loose structure.

ln a machine of the character described. a conveyor. means for dropping coating material on said conveyor, means for reapplying; some ot said material to said conveyor, said conveyor comprising` traveling' means having a structure loose enough to vibrate incident to its travel, for carrying; confections while loose substance becomesrcmoved therefrom due to vibration et said traveling' means and for depositing; said contections on said reapplied material, whereby some ot said reapplied material is applied to the bottoms of said contections and some oY the droppingmaterial is applied to the upper parts of said contections, means for e.\Iclnding' said loose substance from said means Yjor reapplying said material to said conveyor, and means iior driving` said conveyor, adapted to vibrate said loose structure.

G. ln a machine olE the character described` a conveyor comprising a series ot parallel chains and means lor guiding said chains means 'for dropping coating` material on said conveyor, means for rcapplying sonic ot said material to said conveyor, and means for depositing confections on said rcapplied inaterial, whereby some of said reapplied nmtcrial is applied to the bottoms ol said confer-.tions and some ot the drcppinn` material is applied .to the upper parts ol said confections.

7. ln a machine of the character lcr\ i'ilicd a main conveyor section made np o l :i .scri/3s oli parallel chains and means Yl'or :guiding and driving said chains, means Vor dropping` coating material on said conveyor section. means for reapplying sonic ot said material to said conveyor section, means i"or depositing confections on said rcapplied mslm-ish whereby some oit said rcapplicd material applied to the bottoms ot said conlections and some of the dropping material if: applied to the upper parts ot said contectirnis. and a distinct conveyor section made up similarly to said main section Yfor subjecting; said contections, with said material thereon. to intluences acting' to harden said material.

8. In a machine of the character described. a main conveyor section made up ot a series of parallel chains and means ttor f nidine' and driving;- said chains, means for d roi'ipinncoating material on said conveyor section, mea-ns 'for reapplyine` some o t said material to said conveyor section. and a distinct conveyor section made up similarly to said inain section, for carrying;` cont'cctions while loose substance becomes removed thcrotroin and for depositing said cmrfcctions on said reapplied material7 whereby some of. said rcapplied material is applied to thc bottoms oi said conlcctions and soun` ot the drop ping material is applied lo 'the nppcr parts ot said conirctions.

Sl. .ln a insni'hine of the character described. a main conveyor section nmdc up ot :i series of parallel chains and means for gg'nidinpj and drivingsaid chains, nrcans lor drop ping coating' material on said conveyor sci-- tion7 means [For reapplying sonic o t said inaterial to said conveyor section.7 a distinct conveyor section made n p similarly to said main section, 'for carrying' coirlections while loose substance becomes removed therefrom and 'for depositing' said contections on said reapplied material, wherein.v sonic of' said roapplied material is applied to the bottoms of said contections and some of the dropl l. (l

llt)

init/,ose

ping material is applied to the upper parts of said contections, and another' distinct con veyor section made up similarly to said main section, for subjecting said contections, with said material thereon, to influences acting to harden said material.

l0. ln a machine et the character described, a conveyor having an overrunning conveying` stretch and an underrunning returning,` stretch, means for drivingsaid conveyor, means for dropping" coating material on said conveyor, and a distributing); element under said underrunning1 stretch, extending tln'Omghout the major part of the area of said conveyor and extending close to a part oit said underrunnin,g` stretch, to catch and reapply to `said underrunniirej stretch. some oil: said coating material as itdrops from said. conveyor,whereby said reapplied materialis presented upwardly on said overrunning stretch and contections may be deposited on saidreapplied material and some oi' said reapplied material is thus applied to the bottoms of said contractions and some et said dropping' material is applied tothe upper parts'iot' said cont'ections.

l1. ln a machine oit the character described, aiconveyor eomprising;v side bars, means mounted to travel between saidbars, in conveying' directionfin an upper path and in return direction. in a lower path, a distributinp,` element extending across the major part oi? the `space between said bars, under the lower path oi travel of said means, bars extending' across said space, under said element,`iixed to said side bars, means on said bars that extend across, adjustable `up and down and engaging' the lower side oit said element, thereby supporting` said element for adjustment toward or away :from said path ot travel, and means for d ropping` coating material. on said. means that travels, to runtherefrom .and be caugrlltby said` element, whereby some oil? said material is re-' applied to said means while traveling;l in its lower return path and whereby conteo tions may beplfaced on saidreapIHied ma terial. as the meanstravels inits ripper path, so thatsome oi said reapplied material is applied. to the bottoms of said contectio'ns and some ol? saidV droppingw material is applied to the upperparts ot said eon'lections, the adjustment oi said element serving` to vary the amount oilE said material applied to said. bottoms.

`ln a machine ol" the 'character described, a conveyor coniiprising endless fleA ible means, rotary driving means around which said `flexible means passes with its upper stretchdriven thereby in conveying` direction, and .rotaryguidingl and supportingmeansof `less diameter than said driving means, around which said upper stretch` Jasses tothe lower stretch, a distributinc' l'o element under said conveyor close to said .passes to the lower stretch, a distributing element under said conveyor section close to said tlexible means where it passes Jfromsaid lower to said upper stretch, means for drop-I pingcoating material on said conveyor section and on said distributing element, and a distinct conveyor section made up et endless iiexiblemeans, rotary driving means around which said flexible means passes with its upper stretch driven thereby in conveying direction, and rotary guiding and supporting means ot `less diameter than said driving means, this latter means being adjacent to said rotary driving means oit said main section, whereby a gap is left between said scctions, and whereby "contections carried by said distinct section tilt down into said gap, thereby being retarded momentarily to have their bottoms abraded by said distinct section, in passing across said gap onto said main section.

114i. ln a machine ott the character described, a main conveyor section made up et endless :flexible means, rotary driving` means around which said flexible means passes with its upper stretch driven thereby in conveying' direction, and `rotary guiding; and siipporting` means of less diameter than said driving means, around which said upper stretch passes to the lower stretch, a dis tributing element under said conveyor tion close to said `flexible means where it passes trom said lowerto said upper stretch, means ttor drop ping' coating materi al.` on `sai d conveyer section and on said distrilnitingelement, whereby part of the coating,r ma terial reapplied by said d istributinp,` elcment to said conveyor section, means 'l'or depositing; coniiectionson saidv reapililied material., and a distinct conveyor section made up oli endlessflexible means, rotary driving `means around which `said :flexible means passes closeito the rotary ,grinding and supporting;` means el? said main section,leaving,` a gap between the `two sections, and said flexible means passing therefrom in conveying direction in :its upper stretch, rotary guiding andsupportinp' means for this distinct section, oiless diameter than its rotary driving means, around which said endless means passes from its upper `to its "lower stretch, said :rotary drivingimeans et this distinct section carrying said section close to said distril'iuting element in passing from the lower to the upper stretch o1 said section. 15. ln a machine of the character dcscribed, adjacent conveyor sections each comprising` endless flexible means passing` around rotary means at their adjacent ends, with the flexible means passing in a single conveying` direction in their upper stretches, means :tor dropping` coating material on the lirst section in the order of said travel, means 'iior catching part ot said material and applying it to both oi said sections, whereby advancing coating` material on said iirst section meets rip-coming` coating material on the second section, forming a flood in the gap between said sections, upon mhich coniections are carried across said gap, and whereby some of said coating; material applied to said sections is applied to the bottoms oi'r said confections and some of the drooping coating` material is applied to the upper parts of said confections, and means for driving said sections as aforesaid.

16. ln a machine oi' the character described, means for heating coating material, a conveyor section over said means, elevating means to raise said material and drop it on said conveyor section, means for driving` said section, means for supplying confections to said section, a distinct section, removed from the direct influence oic said heating means, receiving said contections :trom the aforesaid section, and allowing them to cool, and means to apply additional material to the confection bottoms as they pass from one section to the other.

17. ln a machine ott the character described, in combination with coating-supply means, a conveyor comprising a series ot parallel chains and means iter guiding and driving said chains.

18, ln a machine of the character described in combination with coating-supply means, a conveyor comprising a series ott parallel stud-and-linlr sprocket chains andl means for guiding' and driving' said chains.

19. In a machine oil" the character described, a conveyor carrying' confcctions and having openings for passage of coating material downwardly through said conveyor, means for dropping` coating` material on said conveyor, distributing means receiving' some of this coating and applying' the received coating to said conveyor outside the limits of its conveying` extent, to be brought by said conveyor within said limits and there applied to the bottoms oii said contections, and means for driving; said conveyor.

20. In' a machine oi' the character described in combination with coating-supply means, a conveyor comprising; a series of parallel endless chains, rotary driving means around which said chains pass with their upper stretches driven thereby in conveying direction, and rotary guiding and support- ,ose

ing means ot less diameter than Isaid drivingmeans, around which said upper stretches pass to the lower stretches.

21. ln a machine of the character dcscribed in combination with coatingsupply means, a conveyor comprising a series ot parallel endless chains, rotary drivin g' means around which said chains pass with their upper stretches driven thereby in conveying direction, rotary guiding and supporting means ot less diameter than said driving; means, around which said upper stretches pass to the lower stretches. and means 'for adjustably supporting;` said driving;` means and said guiding and supporting' means in separated position, to stretch said chains.

22. ln a machine oit the character doscribed, a plurality o'F successive convcvor sections each having' oiieninns lol' pas: infr ot substance downwardly therethrough, one of which is adapted to receive conicctions directly from another one of said sections and to receive coating' material to be applied to said contractions on said one section, and means for driving all et said sections continuously and in unison, in conveying direction.

23 In a machine ofi the character doscribed, a coating conveyor section havingf openings for passage ot substance downwardly therethrough, and a distinct conveyor section to which the coated contections are directly delivered by said coating` scction. having' passages for drippege from the contections downwardly therethrough, and upon which said confections are subjected to lun'dening iniluences.

24. ln a machine of the character described` a conveyor comprisingr a travelincr section having' a structure loose enough to vibrate incident to its travel on which the contections are freed 'from loose substance due to the vibration oi,E said section. a succeeding section on which said contections are coated, a third section on which said contections have their coatings hardened. and means ior driving` said conveyor, adapted to vibrate said loose structure.

25. In a machine oi' the character de` scribed` a conveyor having' a. sido carrying' coniections, means having a sur lace ucar to said side oli said conveyor. means whereby said surface receives a supply of coating* material which is exposed Athereon ("or a substantial interval oE time and presented thereby to said side of said conroyor to he scraped from said sur'are by said side o` said conveyor and thereby applied 1o the bottoms ot said contections in a. thich'enwl consistency duc to the exposure on said surtace, and means for driving said conveyor.

26. In a machine ot the character dcscribed, a plurality of successive conveyor sections, means for drivino; said sections in uniform direction, means for dropping coat- Lamme ing material on one of said sections, and

`means 'whereby coating material is applied to a section slilcceeding the one section in. driving; direction.

y 27. ln `a machine of the character described, a `plurality of successive conveyor sections, means for driving saidsections in uniform direction, means for dropping coating; material on one of said sections, and means whereby coatlng material 1s applied to said one section 1n additional amount, and

wl'lereby coating material is also 'applied to a section` succeedingthe one section in drivingl direction. i

28. In a machine of the character de-\ scribed, a conveyor section, means to apply coating to said section, `supporting and feed ing means to carry confections toward said `conveyor section, and means betvveen said supporting and iteeding means `and said conveyor section to exclude coating material `from said supporting,` and :Feeding means.'

29. In a machineofthe character `described, a conveyor` section, feeding means `adapted to vibrate the loose with a carrying side substantially in the plane of said section to carry contections y toward said conveyor section, means to ap* ply coatingto said conveyor section to be carried up between saidconveyor section and to tree the contections ol' loose substance due to its vibration and delivering said confectlons tothe succeeding section, means to apply coatingl material to said succeeding` section, means betweensaid sections for excluding coating material from theorie section and excludingloose substance 'from the other section, and means for driving said sections, structure JOHN MASSARELLA.

thereof. 

